| 凌 军,李晓冰,张映曈,胡花丽,刘雪松,张雨佳,李鹏霞,周宏胜.微酸性电解水对梨互隔交链孢的抑制机制及防治效果研究[J].保鲜与加工,2026,26(3):49~59 |
| 微酸性电解水对梨互隔交链孢的抑制机制及防治效果研究 |
| Inhibitory Mechanisms and Control Efficacy of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water Against Alternaria alternata Causing Pear Black Spot Disease |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 互隔交链孢 微酸性电解水 细胞壁降解酶 杀菌机制 |
| 英文关键词:Alternaria alternata slightly acidic electrolyzed water cell wall-degrading enzymes sterilization mechanism |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD2100601） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 互隔交链孢是一种常见的病原真菌，能够侵染多种果蔬，严重影响果实的贮藏品质和商品价 值。以发病梨果实中分离并鉴定的互隔交链孢（Alternaria alternata HB-13）为研究对象，系统探究了 不同质量浓度微酸性电解水（Slightly acidic electrolyzed water，SAEW）对其生长繁殖、致病相关生理特 性的影响及在梨果实病害中的防治效果。结果表明，SAEW处理对HB-13的孢子萌发和菌丝生长具 有显著抑制作用，且抑制效果随SAEW质量浓度的升高而增强。SAEW处理可破坏HB-13细胞膜完 整性，显著增加核酸和蛋白质泄漏量。同时，SAEW处理显著下调了果胶裂解酶、角质酶和纤维素酶 等多种细胞壁降解酶相关基因（AaPL1、AaPL2、AaCUT1、AaCUT2、AaCX1和AaCX2）的表达水平，从而 削弱了病原菌的侵染与致病能力。在体内试验中，150 mg/L SAEW处理可完全抑制梨果实黑斑病的 发生，防治效果达100%。综上，SAEW通过破坏病原菌细胞结构并抑制致病相关基因表达，显著降低 互隔交链孢的生理活性和致病性，可为采后互隔交链孢引起的病害绿色防控提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Alternaria alternata is a ubiquitous pathogenic fungus capable of infecting a wide range of fruits and veg? etables, severely affecting fruit storage quality and commercial value. In this study, an A. alternata strain (HB-13) iso? lated and identified from diseased pear fruits was used to systematically investigate the effects of slightly acidic electro? lyzed water (SAEW) at different concentrations on fungal growth, pathogenicity-related physiological characteristics, and disease control efficacy in pear fruit. The results demonstrated that SAEW significantly inhibited spore germina?tion and mycelial growth of HB-13 in a concentration-dependent manner. SAEW treatment disrupted the integrity of the HB-13 cell membrane, leading to a marked increase in nucleic acid and protein leakage. Furthermore, SAEW sig?nificantly downregulated the expression levels of genes associated with cell wall-degrading enzymes, including pectate lyases, cutinases, and cellulases (AaPL1, AaPL2, AaCUT1, AaCUT2, AaCX1, and AaCX2), thereby impairing the pathogen’s infection and virulence potential. In vivo assays showed that treatment with 150 mg/L SAEW completely suppressed the development of pear black spot disease, achieving a control efficacy of 100%. Collectively, these find?ings indicate that SAEW effectively reduces the physiological activity and pathogenicity of A. alternata by damaging cellular structures of the pathogen and inhibiting the expression of pathogenicity-related genes, providing a theoretical basis for the green and sustainable postharvest control of A. alternata-induced diseases in pear fruit. |
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